The power-sharing mechanism implemented in Indonesia is divided vertically and horizontally. Furthermore, the concept of the state and the owner of a task is determined through this process. But what is meant by vertical as well as horizontal division?
Indonesia is a state of law, and there are already owners of their respective duties in living this wheel of life. This is also a form of Balance of power where the owner of power is not excessive in carrying out specific state duties and at will.
The purpose of this separation of powers is also that each state organ holds power held by the right person. Therefore, the power-sharing mechanism implemented in Indonesia can provide a better function through cooperation.
But in general, the division of power is also divided into vertical and horizontal. In the 1945 Constitution, the mechanism for this division has been explained in detail. So, we will also discuss this power-sharing structure to understand it better.
Power Sharing Mechanisms Implemented in Indonesia Vertically
The first we will discuss is the issue of the vertical division of power, namely structured and tiered roles. This means that each holder of this role has an unequal position. The division is described in Article 18, Paragraph 1 of the Constitution.
This article clearly explains that the mechanism for the division of power implemented in Indonesia vertically starts from the sequence of districts/cities and provinces to the center. So, the central government has higher authority than the provinces and cities.
This position is tiered from above and below, and this division aims to make the task more effective. The central government will be located in the capital city and carry out a broad-scale role, including assisting all regional and local governments.
While the local government will only take care of the area, it occupies. This is a form of implementing regional autonomy. In addition, the power-sharing mechanism is implemented in Indonesia to organize its own security and fiscal programs.
In carrying out their roles, power holders at lower levels need to get approval from the position holders above them. For example, if the regent wants to propose changes in a specific sector, the governor is the first to be contacted.
Horizontal Power Sharing Mechanism
Vertical division means division that has an order from top to bottom. This is the standard form of division we recognize. However, this is not the only power-sharing mechanism implemented in Indonesia, and it still exists horizontally.
In this horizontal distribution of power, consistency is needed from all role owners because it is massive and for the nation’s progress. As for the division
1. Legislative Power
The legislative body is the result of the power-sharing mechanism implemented in Indonesia horizontally. Therefore, this institution plays a role in drafting laws. The DPR( Member of Parliament) is an example of this institution in the Indonesian government.
2. Constitutive Power
In addition to the legislature, constitutive institutions have a role in approving or amending the Constitution. This constitutive power consists of members of the MPR(People’s Consultative Council), and its nature is also at the center. This constitutive power is not arbitrarily chosen.
3. Executive Power
Next is the executive power, which can play a role in the central government as stated in the Article concerned in 4 paragraph 1 of the Constitution. The mechanism for the division of power implemented in Indonesia is the President.
4. Judicial Power
In this judicial case, the power is held by the Supreme Court and the Constitutional Court. In the 1945 Constitution article 24, paragraph 2, the holder of judicial power is the judiciary for activities based on the wider judicial environment.
5. Inspective Power
And the last power-sharing mechanism implemented in Indonesia is the power of inspection. Broadly speaking, the holder of this power regulates and holds responsibility for state finances, and the holder of this role is the BPK.
6. Monetary Power
Economic power, as the name implies, this economic power is to regulate finances in both national and international markets. Economic power is held by BI in the current system of government in Indonesia.
Carrying out this role in government is divided into vertical and horizontal divisions. This vertical has its own order and position, while the power-sharing mechanism implemented in Indonesia has an overall role.***( Editor / UMSU)
